 74  uncertainties in pronunciation. Even when RP alone is taken as the model, it is impossible to lay down a set of rules that will establish the correct pronunciation of every word and hold it constant, since pronunciation is continually changing. Some changes affect a particular sound in its every occurrence throughout the vocabulary, while others occur only in the environment of a few other sounds. Some changes occur gradually and imperceptibly; some are limited to a section of the community. At any time there is bound to be considerable variation in pronunciation. One of the purposes of the entries that follow is to draw attention to such variation and to indicate the degree of acceptability of each variant in standard English. Uncertainty about pronunciation also arises from the irregularity of English spelling. It is all too often impossible to guess how a particular letter or group of letters in an unfamiliar word should be pronounced. Broadly speaking, there are particular letters and letter sequences which repeatedly cause such uncertainty (e.g. g (hard and soft); final -ed; final -ade). To settle these uncertainties is the other main purpose of the entries that follow. The entries are arranged in alphabetical order of heading; the headings are not, of course, complete words, but are either individual letters of the alphabet or sequences of letters making up parts (usually the beginnings or endings) of words. Some entries cover sounds that are spelt in various ways: the heading given is the typical spelling. There are also three entries of a different sort: they deal with (a) the main 74 |
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