 103  My sister has a lot of friends in different parts of the country’, so she has to write lots of letters (ей приходится...). In the past tense have to indicates a fulfilled obligation. We had to do a lot of things during the week we stayed in the country' (were obliged and did it). They made such a noise that I had to send out of the boys to make inquiries (It was necessary and I did it). Have to replaces must where must cannot be used: a) lo express past necessity or obligation, b) to express absence of necessity (In the sense of needn't), since must not means prohibition, and c) to express a future obligation, since the future tense of the verb have to makes the obligation more precise. a) We had to do it again. They had to do what they were told. b) You don > have to make another copy of the document, Miss Black; this copy will be quite satisfactory. c) You 7/ have to take a taxi if you mean to catch the train. Have got to has the same basic meaning as have to. It is more usual in spoken English especilally in the negative and interrogative forms. Besides have to usually denotes a habitual action and have got to denotes a particular action (mainly in colloquial style). 103 |
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