 14  Not only paragraphs, sentences, words, letters, and mathematical symbols, but even the innocent looking symbols of standard prose can be the source of blemishes and misunderstandings; I refer to punctuation marks. A couple of examples will suffice. First: an equation, or inequality, or inclusion, or any other mathematical clause is, in its informative content, equivalent to a clause in ordinary language, and, therefore, it demands just as much to be separated from its neighbors. In other words: punctuate symbolic sentences just as you would verbal ones. Second: don’t overwork a small punctuation mark such as a period or a comma. They are easy for the reader to overlook, and the oversight causes backtracking, confusion, delay. Example: “Assume that a € X. X belongs to the class C, ...” The period between the two X’s is overworked, and so is this one: “Assume that X vanishes. X belongs to the class C, ...” A good general rule is: never start a sentence with a symbol. If you insist on starting the sentence with the mention of the thing the symbol denotes, put the appropriate word in apposition, thus: “The set X belongs to the class C, ...” The overworked period is no worse than the overworked comma. Not “For invertible X, X* also is invertible”, but “For invertible X, the adjoint X* also is invertible”. Similarly, not “Since p = 0, p € U”, but “Since p = 0, it follows that p € U”. Even the ordinary “If you don’t like it, lump it” (or, rather, its mathematical relatives) is harder to digest than the stuffy-sounding “If you don’t like it, then lump it”; I recommend “then” with “if” in all mathematical contexts. The presence of “then” can never confuse; its absence can.... Как работать над переводом? Если отвечать коротко, то «По принципу FTF», т. е. “First Things First.” Подробнее говоря, процесс Вашего перевода можно условно разделить на три последовательных этапа: I. Russian ^ Anglo-Russian Pidgin; II. Anglo-Russian Pidgin ^ English; III. English ^ Good English. Первый этап — это черновой подстрочный перевод с русского на «квазианглийский», точнее, на тот «англо-русский» язык, которым в совершенстве владеет Gabble the Casus и с образцами которого Вы уже, наверное, многократно встречались. (Разновидностями Anglo-Russian Pidgin в научном переводе являются: Mathidgin, Physidgin, Chemidgin, Economidgin, etc., составляющие Scienidgin, т. е. Scientific Pidgin.) 14 |
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